Allergy Symptoms
Symptoms of Allergies
Allergy symptoms depend on the type of allergen involved and can affect the airways, sinuses, nasal passages, skin, and digestive system. Severity ranges from mild to life-threatening. If allergy symptoms cannot be relieved, it is best to see an allergist for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Allergic Rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis affects the nasal passages and is one of the most common allergy symptoms. It is typically triggered by airborne allergens such as pollen, dust, mold, and pet dander.
Allergic Sinusitis
Allergic sinusitis occurs when allergens cause inflammation of the sinuses. This can result in sinus pressure, congestion, and discomfort.
Allergy Gastroenteritis
Some allergens affect the digestive system, causing allergy gastroenteritis. This form of allergic response involves gastrointestinal symptoms triggered by certain foods or other allergens.
Allergic Reaction
An allergic reaction is the immune system's response to a substance it identifies as harmful. Reactions can range from mild — such as a runny nose or minor rash — to more serious symptoms depending on the allergen and the individual's sensitivity.
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis is a serious, whole-body allergic reaction that requires immediate medical treatment. Symptoms develop within seconds or minutes of contact with the allergen and can include abdominal pain, chest discomfort, difficulty breathing, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, slurred speech, and swelling. The most common causes are drug allergies, food allergies, and insect stings.
One in every five people who experience anaphylaxis will have a second reaction within 12 hours of the first. If anaphylaxis is suspected, call 911 immediately. A dose of epinephrine should be administered, the person should be laid down with legs elevated, and CPR should be started if breathing or pulse is not normal.
Allergy Symptom FAQ
What areas of the body do allergies affect?
Allergies can affect five main areas of the body and health: the nasal passages (allergic rhinitis), the sinuses (allergic sinusitis), the digestive system (allergy gastroenteritis), the skin, and the body as a whole through a systemic allergic reaction or anaphylaxis.
Who is at risk for anaphylaxis?
People who have previously had an anaphylactic reaction are at higher risk for another. A family history of asthma or anaphylaxis, as well as certain conditions such as heart disease, may also increase risk. In children, food allergies are the most common cause of anaphylaxis. In adults, medications, insects, and latex are more common triggers.
When should you see an allergist for allergy symptoms?
If allergy symptoms are affecting the airways, sinuses, nasal passages, skin, or digestive system and relief cannot be found, it is best to seek care from an allergist. An allergist can perform skin or blood testing to identify specific triggers and develop a personalized treatment and action plan.